In research, how does secondary data differ from primary data?

Secondary data is defined by its origin and the context in which it is collected. It is data that has been previously gathered and conceived for a purpose other than the current research project. When researchers use secondary data, they are using information that was collected by someone else, which can include datasets, reports, studies, or statistics that are publicly available or published by other researchers or organizations.

In contrast, primary data is original data collected specifically for the current research project, reflecting current observations, experiments, or surveys designed to answer the specific research questions. The distinction made in the correct answer highlights this key difference between the two types of data.

Understanding this distinction is fundamental in research methodology, as it influences the choice of data type based on research goals, the availability of data, and the specific questions being investigated. Researchers may choose to use secondary data for its accessibility and cost-effectiveness, while primary data might be essential when detailed, controlled, or specific information is required.