What does the principle of "Do No Harm" emphasize in research practice?

The principle of "Do No Harm" emphasizes the importance of evaluating and minimizing potential harm to subjects involved in research. This principle is foundational in research ethics, particularly in fields like criminal justice, where the impact of research on individuals and communities can be significant. It necessitates that researchers carefully consider the risks they might impose on participants, whether these risks are physical, psychological, legal, or social.

By prioritizing the welfare of individuals, researchers are not only adhering to ethical standards but also enhancing the validity and reliability of their studies. A focus on minimizing harm helps build trust with participants, encourages greater participation, and leads to more accurate data collection. In criminal justice research, where sensitive topics are often explored, such as victimization or criminal behavior, the risks can be particularly pronounced, making this principle vital.

The focus here is not on completely eliminating risks—which might be impractical or impossible—but rather on a careful assessment and effort to mitigate those risks to protect the rights and well-being of subjects involved in research.